Versicherung ist ein Mittel zum Schutz vor finanziellen Verlusten. Es ist eine Form des Risikomanagements, das in erster Linie zur Absicherung gegen das Risiko eines bedingten oder ungewissen Schadens eingesetzt wird.
Ein Unternehmen, das Versicherungen anbietet, ist als Versicherer, Versicherungsunternehmen, Versicherungsträger oder Versicherer bekannt. Eine Person oder Einrichtung, die eine Versicherung abschließt, wird als Versicherter oder Versicherungsnehmer bezeichnet. Das Versicherungsgeschäft sieht vor, dass der Versicherte einen garantierten und bekanntermaßen relativ geringen Schaden in Form einer Zahlung an den Versicherer als Gegenleistung für das Versprechen des Versicherers übernimmt, den Versicherten im Falle eines gedeckten Schadens zu entschädigen. Der Schaden kann finanzieller Natur sein oder auch nicht, muss jedoch finanziell reduzierbar sein und beinhaltet normalerweise etwas, an dem der Versicherte ein versicherbares Interesse hat, das durch Eigentum, Besitz oder eine bereits bestehende Beziehung begründet ist.
Der Versicherte erhält einen Vertrag namens Versicherungspolice, in dem die Bedingungen und Umstände aufgeführt sind, unter denen der Versicherer den Versicherten entschädigt. Der Geldbetrag, den der Versicherer dem Versicherungsnehmer für die in der Versicherungspolice festgelegte Deckung in Rechnung stellt, wird als Prämie bezeichnet. Wenn der Versicherte einen Schaden erleidet, der möglicherweise durch die Versicherungspolice gedeckt ist, reicht der Versicherte beim Versicherer einen Anspruch zur Bearbeitung durch einen Schadensregulierer ein. Der Versicherer kann sein eigenes Risiko durch Abschluss einer Rückversicherung absichern, wobei eine andere Versicherungsgesellschaft sich bereit erklärt, einen Teil des Risikos zu tragen, insbesondere wenn der Erstversicherer das Risiko für zu groß erachtet.
Insurance is a means of protection from financial loss. It is a form of risk management, primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent or uncertain loss.
An entity which provides insurance is known as an insurer, insurance company, insurance carrier or underwriter. A person or entity who buys insurance is known as an insured or as a policyholder. The insurance transaction involves the insured assuming a guaranteed and known relatively small loss in the form of payment to the insurer in exchange for the insurer's promise to compensate the insured in the event of a covered loss. The loss may or may not be financial, but it must be reducible to financial terms, and usually involves something in which the insured has an insurable interest established by ownership, possession, or pre-existing relationship.
The insured receives a contract, called the insurance policy, which details the conditions and circumstances under which the insurer will compensate the insured. The amount of money charged by the insurer to the Policyholder for the coverage set forth in the insurance policy is called the premium. If the insured experiences a loss which is potentially covered by the insurance policy, the insured submits a claim to the insurer for processing by a claims adjuster. The insurer may hedge its own risk by taking out reinsurance, whereby another insurance company agrees to carry some of the risk, especially if the primary insurer deems the risk too large for it to carry.
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